A small body was launched up an inclined plane set at an angle \( \alpha =15{}^\circ \) against the horizontal. Find the coefficient of friction, if the time of the ascent of the body is \( \eta =2.0 \) times less than the time of its descent.
Solution:
Case 1. When the body is lauched up:
Let k be the cofficeint of friction, u the velocity of projection and \( \ell \) the distance traversed along the incline. Retarding force on the block \( =mg\sin \alpha +kmg\cos \alpha \) and hence the retardation \( =g\sin \alpha +kg\cos \alpha \) .
Using the equation of particle kinematics along the incline, \( 0={{u}^{2}}-2(g\sin \alpha +kg\cos \alpha )\ell \)
Or, \( \ell =\frac{{{u}^{2}}}{2(g\sin \alpha +kg\cos \alpha )}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,(1) \) and \( 0-u-(g\sin \alpha +kg\cos \alpha )t \) or, \( u=(g\sin \alpha +kg\cos \alpha )t\,\,\,\,(2) \)
Using (2) in (1) \( \ell =\frac{1}{2}(g\sin \alpha +kg\cos \alpha ){{t}^{2}}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,(3) \)
Case (2). When the block comes downward, the net force on the body \( =mg\sin \alpha -kmg\cos \alpha \) and hence its acceleration \( =g\sin \alpha -kg\cos \alpha \) .
Let, t be the time required then, \( \ell =\frac{1}{2}(g\sin \alpha -kg\cos \alpha ){{{t}’}^{2}}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,(4) \)
From Eqs. (3) and (4) \( \frac{{{t}^{2}}}{{{{{t}’}}^{2}}}=\frac{\sin \alpha -k\cos \alpha }{\sin \alpha +k\cos \alpha } \)
But \( \frac{t}{{{t}’}}=\frac{1}{\eta } \) (according to the question),
Hence on solving we get \( k=\frac{{{\eta }^{2}}-1}{{{\eta }^{2}}+1}\tan \alpha =0.16 \).
Hỏi Đáp Vật Lý! được xây dựng trên WordPress